Reference List

Arroyo, A. T. (2010). It's not a colorless classroom: Teaching religion online to black college students using transformative, postmodern pedagogy. Teaching Theology & Religion, 13(1), 35-50.

Asmerom, R. (2010, December 27). Why are Black political leaders going to bat for for-profit schools? Atlanta Post. Retrieved from http://atlantapost.com/2010/12/27/why-are-black-political-leaders-going-to-bat-for-for-profit-schools/

Bledsoe, T. (2011). About the saab organization. Retrieved from http://saabnational.org/about.htm

Buzzetto-More, N. A. (2008). Student perceptions of various e-learning components. Interdisciplinary Journal of Knowledge & Learning Objects, 113-135.

Cheng, D. X. (2004). Students’ sense of campus community: What it means, and what to do about it. NASPA Journal, 41, 216-234.

Cuyjet, M. J. (1997). African American men on college campuses: Their needs and their perceptions. New Directions For Student Services, (80), 5.

Flowers, L. A. (2006). Effects of attending a 2-year institution on African American males' academic and social integration in the first year of college. Teachers College Record, 108(2), 267-286.

Graham, L. (2011). Learning a new world: Reflections on being a first-generation college student and the influence of TRIO programs. New Directions for Teaching and Learning, 2011(127), 33-38.

Harper, S. R. & Quaye, S. J. (2007). Student organizations as venues for black identity expression and development among African American male student leaders. Journal of College Student Development 48(2), 127-144.

Hausmann, L., Schofield, J., & Woods, R. (2007). Sense of belonging as a predictor of intentions to persist among African American and white first-year college students. Research In Higher Education, 48(7), 803-839.

Hughes, R. L. (2010). Engaging African American males for educational success. Gifted Child Today,33(2), 55-60.

LaVant, B. D., Anderson, J. L., & Tiggs, J. W. (1997). Retaining African American men through mentoring initiatives. New Directions For Student Services, (80), 43.

Littleton, R. A. (2003). Community among African American students on small, predominantly white campuses: The "minority within a minority" experience. NASPA Journal, 40(4), 83-104.

Museus, S. D. (2008).Focusing on institutional fabric: Assessing campus climates to enhance cross-cultural engagement. In S. R. Harper (Ed.), Creating inclusive campus climates for cross-cultural learning and student engagement (pp. 205-234). Washington, DC: National Association of Student Personnel Administrators.

Ohio Board of Regents (February, 2011). Owens community college portrait. Retrieved from https://www.owens.edu/portrait/index.html

Owens, D., Lacey, K., Rawls, G., & Holbert- Quince, J. (2010). First-Generation African American male college students: Implications for career counselors. Career Development Quarterly, 58(4), 291-300.

Patton, L. D. (2006). Black culture centers: Still central to student learning. About Campus, 11(2), 2-8.

Rankin, S. R. & Reason, R. D. (2005). Differing perceptions: How students of color and white students perceive campus climate for underrepresented groups. Journal of College Student Development, 46(1), 43-61.

Seifert, T. A., Drummond, J., & Pascarella, E. T. (2006). African-American students' experiences of good practices: A comparison of institutional type. Journal of College Student Development, 47(2), 185-205.

Shabazz, K. (2011). About saas. Retrieved from http://www.saasnational.org/about.htm

Stewart, G., Wright, D., Perry, T., & Rankin, C. (2008). Historically black colleges and universities: Caretakers of precious treasure. Journal of College Admission, (201), 24-29.

Strange, C. C., & Banning, J. H. (2001a). Ch 1: Physical environments: The role of design and space. In Educating by design: Creating campus learning environments that work (pp. 9-32). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

Strange, C. C., & Banning, J. H. (2001b). Ch 5: Promoting safety and inclusion. In Educating by design: Creating campus learning environments that work (pp. 113-136). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

Strange, C. C., & Banning, J. H. (2001c). Ch 6: Encouraging participation and involvement. In Educating by design: Creating campus learning environments that work (pp. 137-157). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

Student Interviews:

Student Interview #1 - Traditional Aged African American Male Student

Student Interview #2- Non-Traditional African American Male Student

Student Interview #3- Female African American Traditional Age Student

Additional Sources:


Additional Sources:

            Interviewed staff member from the Office of Multicultural Affairs at BGSU & office visit

Visited The Source Learning Center & interviewed the Director

Attended Cross Cultural Communication Seminar in Columbus